Diarrhea Treatment

Diarrhea, the frequent passage of very loose or watery bowel movements, is a symptom of an underlying disorder,which may have been caused by stress, dietary indiscretion, traveler’s diarrhea,flu, food poisoning, or anyone of numerous conditions. Although most episodes are minor and temporary, a proolonged bout can lead to dehydration and an upset in body chemistry that should be life threatening, especially in children and the elderly. You should call a doctor if diarrhea lasts for more than one day in a child under the age of two or two days in an older child or an adult. Consult him even sooner if the diarrhea worsens or is accompanied by other symptoms such as severe abdominal pain, vomiting, fever, or the appearance of blood, mucus, or worms in the stool. Persistent or intermittent mild diarrhea also warrants medical investigation.

Diagnostic Studies And Procedures

The nature of the diarrhea is an important factor in the process of diagnosis. For example, diarrhea that alternates with constipation and periods of normal bowel function may be caused either by irritable bowel syndrome or stress. Blood in the stool can point to the possibility of an infection, cancer, polyps, or an inflamed colon. After a physical examination, certain tests may be called for, including a stool analysis, X-rays, and colonoscopy, an examination of the entire colon with a special fiberoptic instrument.

Medical Treatments

The choice of antidiarrheal medication depends upon the underlying cause. Most diarrhea resolves itself in a day or two of self treatment with nonpre scription drugs Diarrhea accompanied by intestinal cramps and spasms may be treated with phenobarbital, pare goric, opium, or other prescription substances to reduce intestinal motility. Antibiotics will be prescribed if a bacterial infection is present. Other drugs called anthelmintics are given if there are intestinal wormsEven mild diarrhea in a baby or young child poses a danger of dehydration, especially if there is also vomiting, which makes it more difficult to replace fluids and body salts. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to administer intravenous replacement of water and salts. Giving a special rehydration formula such as Pedialyte, which is available at pharmacies, usually can prevent dehydration and the need for intravenous therapy.